Table1_Discussion on operation: To compare the curative effect of PMT and CDT in the treatment of middle and high risk stratified APE and the clinical application value of serum BNP, TnI and plasma DFR levelse.xls

ObjectiveTo compare the efficacy of Percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy (PMT) and Catheter directed thrombolysis (CDT) in the treatment of patients with moderate and high-risk ape and explore the clinical application value of biomarkers in the treatment of moderate and high-risk ape.MethodA total of 84 patients with ape were selected from the Department of vascular surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and the Department of vascular surgery of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. According to the relevant guidelines, they were divided into high-risk and medium-risk groups, including PMT groups (35 cases) and CDT groups (49 cases). To detect the changes of serum B-type brain natriuretic peptide (BNP),Troponin I (TnI) and plasma D-dimer/fibrinogen ratio (DFR) levels in different risk stratification before and after PMT and CDT, the correlation and diagnostic value of each index, and compare the thrombus clearance rate, pulmonary artery pressure, average dosage of urokinase, effective thrombolytic time, average hospitalization time and complications of PMT and CDT.ResultUnder different treatment methods and risk stratification, there was no statistically significant difference in the clinical data of patients at general baseline;The preoperative BNP, TnI and DFR levels of PMT and CDT in the middle and high risk stratification were significantly lower than those in the other groups (P ConclusionSerum BNP, TnI and plasma DFR levels can reflect the risk stratification and better clinical diagnostic value of ape,PMT and CDT are used to treat high-risk ape. For hospitals with medical conditions, PMT is more worthy of clinical recommendation.</p

DataSheet_1_Comprehensive evolutionary analysis of growth-regulating factor gene family revealing the potential molecular basis under multiple hormonal stress in Gramineae crops.docx

Growth-regulating factors (GRFs) are plant-specific transcription factors that contain two highly conserved QLQ and WRC domains, which control a range of biological functions, including leaf growth, floral organ development, and phytohormone signaling. However, knowledge of the evolutionary patterns and driving forces of GRFs in Gramineae crops is limited and poorly characterized. In this study, a total of 96 GRFs were identified from eight crops of Brachypodium distachyon, Hordeum vulgare, Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica, Oryza rufipogon, Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica, Setaria italic, Sorghum bicolor and Zea mays. Based on their protein sequences, the GRFs were classified into three groups. Evolutionary analysis indicated that the whole-genome or segmental duplication plays an essential role in the GRFs expansion, and the GRFs were negatively selected during the evolution of Gramineae crops. The GRFs protein function as transcriptional activators with distinctive structural motifs in different groups. In addition, the expression of GRFs was induced under multiple hormonal stress, including IAA, BR, GA3, 6BA, ABA, and MeJ treatments. Specifically, OjGRF11 was significantly induced by IAA at 6 h after phytohormone treatment. Transgenic experiments showed that roots overexpressing OjGRF11 were more sensitive to IAA and affect root elongation. This study will broaden our insights into the origin and evolution of the GRF family in Gramineae crops and will facilitate further research on GRF function.</p

A subset of DLR constructs transfected in SK-N-SH cells.

<p>The top panel shows the same data from <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0157086#pone.0157086.s002" target="_blank">S2 Fig</a>, and each successive panel shows data from replicate experiments. Relative firefly luciferase activity is shown as an average of four independent DNA extractions for each allele. Error bars represent standard error. Non-risk allele is shown in blue, risk allele is in red. Significant differences between the two alleles of a construct are indicated as p-values above the pair.</p

Functional Characterization of Schizophrenia-Associated Variation in <i>CACNA1C</i>

<div><p>Calcium channel subunits, including <i>CACNA1C</i>, have been associated with multiple psychiatric disorders. Specifically, genome wide association studies (GWAS) have repeatedly identified the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1006737 in intron 3 of <i>CACNA1C</i> to be strongly associated with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Here, we show that rs1006737 marks a quantitative trait locus for <i>CACNA1C</i> transcript levels. We test 16 SNPs in high linkage disequilibrium with rs1007637 and find one, rs4765905, consistently showing allele-dependent regulatory function in reporter assays. We find allele-specific protein binding for 13 SNPs including rs4765905. Using protein microarrays, we identify several proteins binding ≥3 SNPs, but not control sequences, suggesting possible functional interactions and combinatorial haplotype effects. Finally, using circular chromatin conformation capture, we show interaction of the disease-associated region including the 16 SNPs with the <i>CACNA1C</i> promoter and other potential regulatory regions. Our results elucidate the pathogenic relevance of one of the best-supported risk loci for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.</p></div

Log transformed expression of the three <i>CACNA1C</i> transcript classes.

<p><i>CACNA1C</i> transcripts are measured by qPCR and grouped by genotype at rs1006737. Samples homozygous for the non-risk allele (GG) are shown in blue, heterozygous (GA) in purple, and homozygous for the risk allele (AA) in red. Samples from the STG in the top row, and DLPFC in the bottom row. Regression p-values for effects of genotype are shown over each graph.</p

4C-seq results.

<p>(A) Results from the <i>CACNA1C</i> promoter viewpoint. (B) Results from the <i>CCAT</i> promoter. Arrows indicate the viewpoints. Bars indicate -log(p-values) for excessive read counts suggesting interaction with the viewpoint. Four regions with high densities of interactions, other than the viewpoint itself, are indicated by shading: The disease-associated SNPs in intron 3 of <i>CACNA1C</i> (labeled PSY-SNPs) and REGION A at the 3’ end of <i>CACNA1C</i> interacting with the <i>CACNA1C</i> promoter in Fig 4A, and the <i>CACNA1C</i> promoter, REGION A and REGION B downstream of <i>CACNA1C</i> interacting with the <i>CCAT</i> promoter in Fig 4B.</p

Summary of EMSA results from all 16 SNPs tested.

<p>Summary of EMSA results from all 16 SNPs tested.</p

EMSA for rs4765905 with HEK293 and SK-N-SH nuclear extracts.

<p>Nuclear extracts plus buffer are run in lanes 1 and 2. Probes plus buffer are run in lanes 3–5. Probes are incubated with nuclear extract as indicated by the “+” above the lane number in lanes 6–11. Lane 12 is buffer alone. Control allele is a positive control for the assay from an unrelated variant.</p

Summary of results from the protein microarray for all 16 SNPs examined.

<p>Summary of results from the protein microarray for all 16 SNPs examined.</p

Dosimetric Comparison between Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided and Conventional Two-Dimensional Point A-Based Intracavitary Brachytherapy Planning for Cervical Cancer

<div><p>Objective</p><p>The purpose of this study was to comprehensively compare the 3-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided and conventional 2-dimensional (2D) point A-based intracavitary brachytherapy (BT) planning for cervical cancer with regard to target dose coverage and dosages to adjacent organs-at risk (OARs).</p><p>Methods</p><p>A total of 79 patients with cervical cancer were enrolled to receive 2D point A-based BT planning and then immediately to receive 3D planning between October 2011 and April 2013 at the First Hospital Affiliated to Xi’an Jiao Tong University (Xi’an, China). The dose-volume histogram (DVH) parameters for gross tumor volume (GTV), high-risk clinical target volume (HR-CTV), intermediate-risk clinical target volume (IR-CTV) and OARs were compared between the 2D and 3D planning.</p><p>Results</p><p>In small tumors, there was no significant difference in most of the DVHs between 2D and 3D planning (all p>0.05). While in big tumors, 3D BT planning significantly increased the DVHs for most of the GTV, HR-CTV and IR-CTV, and some OARs compared with 2D planning (all P<0.05). In 3D planning, DVHs for GTV, HR-CTV, IR-CTV and some OARs were significantly higher in big tumors than in small tumors (all p<0.05). In contrast, in 2D planning, DVHs for almost all of the HR-CTV and IR-CTV were significantly lower in big tumors (all p<0.05). In eccentric tumors, 3D planning significantly increased dose coverage but decreased dosages to OARs compared with 2D planning (p<0.05). In tumors invading adjacent tissues, the target dose coverage in 3D planning was generally significantly higher than in 2D planning (P<0.05); the dosages to the adjacent rectum and bladder were significantly higher but those to sigmoid colon were lower in 3D planning (all P<0.05).</p><p>Conclusions</p><p>3D MRI image-guided BT planning exhibits advantages over 2D planning in a complex way, generally showing advantages for the treatment of cervical cancer except small tumors.</p></div